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perl实例分析教程之六

时间： 2021-07-31 作者：daque

3、列表范畴： (1..10) = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) (2, 5..7, 11) = (2, 5, 6, 7, 11) (3..3) = (3) .用来实数 (2.1..5.3) = (2.1, 3.1 ,4.1, 5.1) (4.5..1.6) = () .用来字符串 ("aaa".."aad") = ("aaa","aab", "aac", "aad") @day_of_month = ("01".."31") .可包括变量或表白式 ($var1..$var2+5) .小本领： $fred = "fred"; print (("hello, " . $fred . "!n") x 2); 其截止为： hello, fred! hello, fred! 4、数组的输入： (1) @array = (1, 2, 3); print (@array, "n"); 截止为： 123 (2) @array = (1, 2, 3); print ("@arrayn"); 截止为： 1 2 3 5、列表/数组的长度当数组变量出此刻预期大略变量展示的场合，则perl证明器取其长度。 @array = (1, 2, 3); $scalar = @array; # $scalar = 3,即@array的长度 ($scalar) = @array; # $scalar = 1,即@array第一个元素的值注：以数组的长度为轮回度数可如次编制程序： $count = 1; while ($count <= @array) { print ("element $count: $array[$count-1]n"); $count++; } 6、子数组 @array = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5); @subarray = @array[0,1]; # @subarray = (1, 2) @subarray2 = @array[1..3]; # @subarray2 = (2,3,4) @array[0,1] = ("string", 46); # @array =("string",46,3,4,5) now @array[0..3] = (11, 22, 33, 44); # @array = (11,22,33,44,5) now @array[1,2,3] = @array[3,2,4]; # @array = (11,44,33,5,5) now @array[0..2] = @array[3,4]; # @array = (5,5,"",5,5) now 不妨用子数组情势来调换元素： @array[1,2] = @array[2,1]; 7、相关数组的库因变量 (1)sort--按字符程序排序 @array = ("this", "is", "a","test"); @array2 = sort(@array); # @array2 = ("a","is", "test", "this") @array = (70, 100, 8); @array = sort(@array); # @array = (100, 70, 8) now (2)reverse--回转数组 @array2 = reverse(@array); @array2 = reverse sort (@array); (3)chop--数组去尾 chop的意旨是去掉stdin（键盘）输出字符串时结果一个字符--换行符。而即使它效率到数组上，则将数组中每一个元素都做如许处置。 @list = ("rabbit", "12345","quartz"); chop (@list); # @list = ("rabbi", "1234","quart") now (4)join/split--贯穿/拆分 join的第一个参数是贯穿所用的中央字符，其他则为待贯穿的字符数组。 $string = join(" ", "this", "is","a", "string"); # 截止为"this is a string" @list = ("words","and"); $string = join("::", @list, "colons"); #截止为"words::and::colons" @array = split(/::/,$string); # @array = ("words","and", "colons") now

perl实例分析教程之六

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